Combining carbohydrate substitutions at bioinspired positions with multivalent presentation towards optimising lectin inhibitors: case study with calixarenes.

Combining carbohydrate substitutions at bioinspired positions with multivalent presentation towards optimising lectin inhibitors: case study with calixareneswz

The Role of Galectin-1 in Cancer Progression, and Synthetic Multivalent Systems for the Study of Galectin-1

This review discusses the role of galectin-1 in the tumor microenvironment. First, the structure and function of galectin-1 are discussed. Galectin-1, a member of the galectin family of lectins, is a functionally dimeric galactoside-binding protein. Although galectin-1 has both intracellular and extracellular functions, the defining carbohydrate-binding role occurs extracellularly. In this revi...

PNA–sugar conjugates as tools for the spatial screening of carbohydrate–lectin interactions*

Multivalent carbohydrate–lectin interactions are essential for a multitude of biological recognition events. Much effort has been spent in the synthesis of potent multivalent scaffolds in order to mimic or inhibit biological carbohydrate–protein interactions. However, the defined spatial presentation of carbohydrates remained a challenging task. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA)and DNA-based double he...

Spatial Screening of Lectin Ligands. Cyclic Peptides as Scaffolds for Multivalent Presentation of Carbohydrates

Introduction Carbohydrate-lectin interactions are the basis of numerous biologically important recognition processes [1]. Examples include the initiation of the inflammatory response, bacterial and viral pathogenesis, fertilization, and even protein folding. High-affinity lectin ligands are of considerable medicinal interest in the diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of conditions associated wit...

The third dimension of reading the sugar code by lectins: design of glycoclusters with cyclic scaffolds as tools with the aim to define correlations between spatial presentation and activity.

Coding of biological information is not confined to nucleic acids and proteins. Endowed with the highest level of structural versatility among biomolecules, the glycan chains of cellular glycoconjugates are well-suited to generate molecular messages/signals in a minimum of space. The sequence and shape of oligosaccharides as well as spatial aspects of multivalent presentation are assumed to und...